5 Study Techniques That Actually Work (Backed by Science)

The best study methods are active and spaced. Use a small set of techniques consistently and you will see better recall, not just more time spent.

1. Spaced repetition

Reviewing the same material over increasing intervals helps memory stick. A simple pattern is 1 day, 3 days, 1 week, then every 2-3 weeks.

2. Retrieval practice

Testing yourself forces your brain to reconstruct the answer. Use flashcards, practice questions, or teach the concept out loud.

3. Interleaving

Mixing topics in a single session improves transfer. Instead of doing ten problems of the same type, mix them so you must choose the method each time.

4. Elaboration

Ask "why" and "how" to connect new ideas to what you already know. Write short explanations in your own words.

5. Dual coding

Pair text with simple visuals. A quick diagram or flowchart can anchor a definition or process.

What to avoid

• Highlighting only: It feels productive but is mostly passive.
• Rereading without testing: It improves familiarity, not recall.
• Multitasking: It slows you down and reduces retention.

A two-week starter plan

1. Week 1: Create small decks and review daily.
2. Week 2: Add mixed practice and longer spacing.

Wrap up

Consistency matters more than volume. Pick two or three techniques, use them every week, and adjust based on what you miss.